史蒂文·哈默:痛评2019年南非卢克罗多肉大盗窃案|肉锥清网行动报道(47)

栏目:人物资讯  时间:2023-04-21
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  编者按:2023年4月初,“中国生物救护与科学伦理”工作组与著名植物学家、肉锥花属植物研究泰斗史蒂文·哈默(Steven Hammer)就非法野生肉锥植物贸易进行了交流。现将他的相关观点、以及与“肉锥清网行动”的小伙伴们分享的过去的一篇作品(表明了他的观点)分享如下。

  

  哈默灯泡(Conophytum hammeri )

  原标题:

  发生在2019年的一个故事

  作者:史蒂文·哈默(Steven Hammer)

  翻译:Smlie

  发表于MSG公报2019年第34期第4期

  在过去的四十年里,很多人找过我,希望我可以对一些植物盗窃案发表观点或者评论。植物盗窃案的实际情况已经非常令人担忧,这些事实又经过了夸大后报道出来,导致我对传统的非商业化植物的信念,逐渐被这些事实和报道挫伤。对于真正的大盗窃案来说,现实发生的是最令人痛心。

  最近,发生南非的卢克罗掠夺案,偷盗者掠夺了大量的植物和种夹。4000头P嘴(Conophytum pageae)、770株十字纽扣(C. chrisocrxum)、一些宝辉玉(Muiria hortenseae)等等。人们会想起唐·乔瓦尼(Don Giovanni)1里西班牙被蹂躏的一千零三个——曾经纯洁的少女。老爷子的行为是出于某种强迫,大概是对热情和自我仇恨的图雷特式模仿,而这些新的掠夺性侵犯是真实的、明显的和永久的。

  那么我们该如何应对这些灾难呢?人类活动的灾难(七百株十字纽扣对于种群来说是一个非常大的减少),以及我们全人类精神上的灾难。到底有没有一个明智的我们,或者说是一个体面的我们?

  在我几十年的业余爱好中,我一直认为,通过共同努力,满足任何人或者说每个人对番杏植物的兴趣(除了像Ruschianthemum gigas或D毛球Conophytum depression这样绝望艰难的任务)。因此,我们可以生活很舒适,甚至在经济上实现一定程度的财富自由,但这一些取决于少数爱好者。

  互联网的发展和全球化进程加速,以及植物本身充满魅力的外表,这一切已经悄然改变。突然之间,2000人想参加一场只能容纳50人的古典钢琴演奏会。然而,每个人的利益都有各自的出发点和个人的紧迫性,那成熟的桃子对你我来说一样好。当然,空卡佛(Conophytum concavum)的市场价值已经像失控的蛋奶酥一样上涨了。

  起初时尚潮流的现金红利突然涌入,对做生意的人来说,这是令人愉快的荒谬和有趣,但这显然也是危险的,因为20世纪50年代狂野的西方收藏做法开始重新出现。如果小红嘴(C.pageae)的“价值”是1000英镑,而去开普敦的机票是900英镑,那么人们旅行量会明显增加。

  对于像我这样的老人家来说,耐心和自律听起来既古怪又自私。在南非这个国家的大部分地区,农民现在已经采取了一种普遍的警报模式。并不是说他们曾经非常自满。我和史蒂夫·布拉克(Steve Brack)曾被当地人误认为是午夜偷羊的人,在布兰德里维尔(Brandrivier)受到了相当粗暴但非常简短的审问。很快我们就被邀请过夜了!早上,我们吃到了美味的松饼和当地的杏子酱。如果这种令人惊叹的自发善意消失了,我们将失去比宝辉玉(Muiria hortenseae)更多的东西。监狱有很多种。

  

  上图为史蒂文·哈默(Steven Hammer)2002出版的《Dumpling and his wife:new views of the genus conophytum》 ,即肉锥属的新观点。图片来源:Hammer,肉锥清网行动获作者授权发布。

  【注释】

  1.唐·乔瓦尼:莫扎特的歌剧,讲述的是一位西班牙的贵族唐·乔瓦尼的故事。他要求仆人莱波雷洛帮助他,四处惹是生非,游戏人间,以金钱、权势或爱情诱惑各国、各地、各阶层的妇女,甚至让仆人莱波雷洛把每位与他交往的女子芳名都记在小册子上,作为其“丰功伟业”的证明。而最终,这位荒唐不羁的贵族终于得到了恶人应得的报应。

  某人在微信朋友圈售卖野生肉锥(举报材料)

  哈默文章的原文:

  Thai was one from 2019:

  MSGB V34 #4, 2019

  Over the last forty years I’ve been informed of and asked to comment upon a number of plant thefts, small and large. Each new report bloated an already melancholy record and gradually dampened my wavering faith in good old-fashioned non-commercial plant lust. But for really grand grand theft, the recent lucro-pillage of South Africa takes the cake and the capsules too.

  Four thousand Conophytum pageae heads, seven hundred and seventy C. chrisocruxum, a clutch or two of Muiria hortenseae etc., etc. One thinks of Don Giovanni’s mille e tre, the one thousand and three ravaged ex-maidens in Spain. The Don was acting out of some sort of compulsion and was, presumably, a Touretteian parody of ardor and self-hatred, whereas these new predatory violations are real, palpable, and permanent.

  So what do we do about these disasters? - disasters for population dynamics (seven hundred cruxums is a terribly large excision), and disasters for our collective spirit. Is there even a sensible we or an honourable our anyway? For most of my decades in the hobby I imagined that, acting together, we could comfortably, and even economically, satisfy anyone’s and everyone’s interest in the family (barring hopeless quests like Ruschianthemum gigas or Conophytum depressum). But this was contingent upon a smallish number of enthusiasts. The development of and internationalization of e-culture and brilliant e-images have changed all that. Suddenly, two thousand people want to attend a clavichord recital only faintly audible to fifty. And yet each person’s interest has its merit and personal urgency. That ripe peach looks just as good to you as it does to me. So of course the market value of Conophytum concavum has risen like an out-of-control soufflé. At first the sudden flush of fashion-cash was pleasantly absurd and amusing for those of us in business but it was obviously dangerous too, as the wild westernish collection practices of the 1950’s began to reassert themselves. If C. pageae is "worth" 1,000 pounds whilst a ticket to Cape Town goes for 900, well, one can expect a marked increase in travel.

  For old-timers like me to counsel patience and self-control must sound both quaint and self-serving. In much of the country the farmers have now adopted a kind of general alert. Not that they were ever quite complacent. Steve Brack and I were once mistaken for midnight sheep rustlers and were interrogated rather brusquely, but only very briefly, at Brandrivier. Soon we were invited to spend the night! In the morning we were served sublime muffins with local apricot jam. If this sort of marvelously spontaneous goodwill disappears, we will have lost even more than Muiria hortenseae. There are many kinds of prisons.

  【关于肉锥清网行动】

  生物多样性丧失是全球面临的严峻环境挑战,其中有组织的野生动植物犯罪在巨大利益的推动下成为重要原因之一。肉锥花属植物(Conophytum)是一类分布在南非的多肉植物,由于其外形独特、色彩鲜艳而备受欢迎。然而,由于野生肉锥花属植物数量稀少,以及非法采集和贸易的存在,这些植物受到了严重的生存威胁。

  为了助力《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》(CITES)的履约、协助国内外执法部门打击网络带来的非法野生动植物贸易、保护生物多样性、共建地球生命共同体,2023年3月9日中国生物多样性保护与绿色发展基金会(简称中国绿发会、绿会)植物园工作委员会发起了“肉锥清网行动”(Clean Internet for Conophytum),呼吁关注肉锥花属植物的非法贸易问题,提升公众意识、勇敢地对野生肉锥贸易说“不”,敦促电商及社交媒体严查,以推动全球生态文明建设。

  “肉锥清网行动”从2023年3月开始,将盘点部分有据可查的报道、案例,并进行肉锥生物多样性保护科普等。

  【参考资料】起底“南北联盟”等涉嫌非法野生多肉线上贸易|肉锥清网行动关注(12)

  https://haokan.baidu.com/v?pd=bjh_app&vid=3327566277686738817

  https://mp.pdnews.cn/Pc/ArtInfoApi/video?id=34413156

  求扩散:给肉锥爱好者的一封信!来自大洋彼岸的求助!“肉锥清网行动”关注(19)

  https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1760222411049529253

  点赞“肉锥吧”取消交易板块,倡导保护野生植物|肉锥清网行动(40)

  https://wap.peopleapp.com/article/rmh34711031/rmh34711031

  史蒂文·哈默:肉锥花属植物研究介绍|肉锥清网行动系列(37)http://www.cbcgdf.org/NewsShow/4854/23091.html

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