新科学家精读：特朗普与美国科学

　　Trump's research priorities invoke a golden era of American power, but nostalgia for the 1950s is no way to run a modern science programThe 45th president is notorious for ignoring scientific advice

　　Word & Expression

　　1. priority(常用词)

　　1) n. 优先；优先权；优先次序；优先考虑的事

　　The safety of the country takes priority over any other matter.国家安全占有最重要的地位。(take priority over优先…)

　　2) 同义替换：importance, precedence, urgency, significance, primacy

　　3) 搭配：give priority to sth.优先考虑…【写作】

　　2. invoke

　　1) vt. 调用；祈求；恳求；引起；提及

　　I invoked their forgiveness.我恳求他们原谅。

　　2) 同义替换：cite, quote, refer, mention, appeal, raise

　　3) 搭配：invoke sb.'s help恳求某人帮助

　　3. era

　　1) n. 时代；年代；纪元

　　We live in an era of religious uncertainty. 我们生活在一个对宗教怀疑的时代。(an era of…时代)

　　2) 同义替换：age, epoch, eon, time, period, date

　　4. nostalgia

　　1) n. 对往事的怀恋, 怀旧

　　I was overcome with acute nostalgia for my days at university.我强烈地怀念大学时代的生活。(acute十分严重的;敏锐的)【口语】

　　2) 同义替换：homesickness, reminiscence

　　5. notorious

　　1) adj. 臭名昭著的, 声名狼藉的

　　Los Angeles is notorious for its smog.洛杉矶的烟雾是出了名的。(犹指不好的事情)

　　2) 同义替换：infamous, disreputable, dishonorable

　　3) 搭配：It is notorious that ... ...是众所周知的(事实)。

　　6. ignore

　　1) vt. 驳回诉讼，忽视，不理睬

　　I decided to ignore his rude remarks.我决定不去理会他粗鲁的话。

　　2) 同义替换：pay no attention to, take no notice of, disregard, overlook

　　IN THE run-up to this week’s solar eclipse, there was one message so ubiquitous that it was hard to ignore: don’t look at the sun without eye protection. But as the moon moved across the face of our star, one person nonetheless did just that. It was the president of the United States. Had Donald Trump somehow managed to miss all the warnings? Or had he just blanked them? The 45th president is notorious for ignoring scientific advice. Only the day before, his administration disbanded an advisory committee that aims to help the federal government incorporate climate assessments into its planning.

　　Word & Expression

　　1. run-up

　　n.〈英〉事件的前奏曲,预备阶段

　　2. solar eclipse(认识即可)

　　n. 日食

　　3. so that(常用短语)

　　因此,以至于, 以便

　　4. ubiquitous

　　1) adj.普遍存在的;无处不在的

　　In the developed world at least, electricity is now so ubiquitous that most people notice it only when it fails to work至少在发达国家，电是如此普遍，大多数人只在没电的时候才会注意到它。(developed world发达国家 fail to do没能做…)

　　2) 同义替换：omnipresent, universal, pervasive, global

　　5. nonetheless

　　adv. 虽然如此,但是

　　6. manage to do

　　设法做

　　I only managed to do it for a couple of weeks before I quit.我只勉强做了几周，就辞职不干了。

　　7. miss

　　1) ① v.错过；思念；怀念；赶不上

　　② n. 错过；女士；未击中

　　He missed the target by a hair.他差一点中靶。

　　2) 搭配：miss the bus错过良机;事业失他败

　　8. blank

　　① n.空格；（记忆中的）空白；空弹

　　② adj.空白的；空的；无图画（或标记、装饰）的；没表情的

　　③ v. 毫不理睬（某人）；突然忘掉；突然思路模糊

　　His mind went completely blank and he forgot what he was supposed to be doing.他的脑子一片空白，连本来要做什么都想不起了。

　　9. administration

　　n. 行政；行政部门；施行；执行

　　The teachers are responsible to the school administration.教师向学校行政负责。

　　10. disband

　　1) vt. & vi. (使)解散, 散伙, 解体

　　He is sorry he did not think harder before agreeing to disband the Iraqi army.他说自己很抱歉，没能在同意解散伊拉克军队前考虑得更周密一些。(think harder更认真思考，考虑更周密)

　　2) 同义替换：break up, split up, separate, part, split

　　11. advisory

　　1) ① adj. 顾问的；咨询的；劝告的

　　② n. 报告；公告

　　We operate as an advisory service for schools.我们为学校提供咨询服务。

　　2) 同义替换: consultative

　　12. aim to

　　为了，计划，打算；目标在于…；以…为目标

　　We aim to strengthen our sense of pro-environment by means of this activity.通过本次活动提高同学们的环保意识。(strengthen 加强，提高 sense of…意识，…感 by means of通过)

　　13. incorporate

　　1) vt. 包含, 加上, 吸收；把…合并, 使并入

　　Your idea will be incorporated in the plan.你的意见将收入计划中。

　　2) 搭配：① incorporate with合并；混合

　　② incorporate into把…纳入

　　That comes as little surprise. Trump’s administration is widely viewed as irredeemably anti-science, prompting responses like April’s March for Science. But that’s not strictly correct. Last week it published its first Research and Development Budget Priorities. Its key areas are American military superiority, American security, American prosperity, American energy dominance and American health.The four-page memo paints science as playing a heroic role in achieving these: it will lead to “tremendous job creation”, “drive the economy” and “improve the quality of American lives”. In short, science has a role in making America great again.Bombastic it may be, but at least it comes out in clear support of science. Unfortunately, the science appears to belong to a bygone age – specifically the 1950s, with its thriving military-industrial complex and ambitious space program.Such nostalgia is not entirely unjustified. Whatever you think of the ethics of the military-industrial approach, it delivered.

　　Word & Expression

　　1. be viewed as

　　被视为，被看作是

　　Scores should not be viewed as the only criterion of success in one's study.分数不应该被看成是判断一个人学习成败的唯一标准。【写作】

　　2. irredeemably(认识即可)

　　不能挽救地, 无可救药地

　　3. anti-science

　　1) 反科学

　　2) anti-表示"反对，相反"

　　3) antiwar反战的

　　antibody抗体

　　4. key

　　1) ① n. 钥匙；关键；（打字机等的）键

　　② vt. 键入；调节…的音调；锁上；提供线索

　　③ vi. 使用钥匙

　　④ adj. 关键的

　　The key stuck in the lock.钥匙插在锁里拔不出来。(stuck in陷入，困在)

　　2) 搭配：key to …的钥匙，…的关键

　　5. superiority

　　1) n. 优越(性), 优等

　　For a long time France enjoyed overwhelming superiority in this field. 在很长的一段时间法国在这个领域具有压倒性优势。(overwhelming压倒性的，巨大的 in this field在这一领域)

　　2) 同义替换：advantage, dominance, supremacy

　　6. prosperity

　　1) n. 幸运; 顺利; 兴旺, 繁荣

　　The growth of tourism brought prosperity to the island. 旅游业的发展给这座岛带来了繁荣。

　　2) 同义替换：wealth, rich, success, richness, fortune

　　7. dominance【写作】

　　1) n. 优势;支配地位;控制力

　　The firm soon achieved complete dominance in the marketplace. 这家公司很快取得了在市场上的绝对支配地位。【口语】

　　2) 同义替换：supremacy, ascendancy, governance, power, authority, control

　　3) 搭配：① dominance over对…的支配

　　② under the dominance of在...的统治之下

　　8. memo

　　n. 备忘录

　　9. tremendous

　　1) adj. 极大的, 巨大的；绝妙的, 极棒的

　　There is a tremendous difference between them.他们之间有着极大的差别。

　　2) 同义替换：great, incredible, fabulous, terrific, marvelous, wonderful, fantastic, remarkable, huge

　　10. in short【写作】

　　总之, 简言之

　　In short, 1971 marked the beginning of a new era.总之，1971年标志着一个新的时代的开端。

　　11. bombastic(认识即可)

　　1) adj. 夸夸其谈的,空洞的

　　The candidate spoke in a bombastic way of all that he would do if elected.候选人大肆吹嘘, 一旦他当选将要如何如何。

　　2) 同义替换：pompous, pretentious

　　12. come out【口语&写作】

　　vi. 出现,显露,出版,发表,结果是

　　What's bred in the bone will come out in the flesh.（谚语）本性总是要表现出来的。

　　13. appear

　　1) ① vi. 出现, 显现；产生, 出版

　　② link v. 显得, 似乎

　　He will appear in the role of mediator.他将出演调停者。

　　2) 同义替换：come into view, come into sight, emerge, happen, occur, seem

　　3) 搭配：appear to似乎，好像

　　14. belong to

　　属于

　　Some people say that the English language no longer belongs to the English, and it belongs to the world.有人说英语已不再属于英国人了，它属于全世界。

　　15. bygone

　　1) ① adj. 很久以前的;以往的

　　② n. 过去的(不愉快的)事

　　His talk was evocative of the bygone days.他的谈话令人回忆起往昔的时日。(evocative引起记忆的，唤起感情的)

　　2) 同义替换：past, former, previous

　　16. complex

　　① adj. 复杂的；合成的

　　② n. 复合体；综合设施

　　This is a highly complex matter. 这件事非常复杂。(highly 非常，很)

　　17. ambitious

　　1) adj. 有抱负的, 雄心勃勃的;有野心的

　　She is very ambitious for her four children. 她对4个孩子期望很高。

　　2) 同义替换：determined, motivated, aspiring, bold

　　3) 搭配：e ambitious of success渴望成功

　　18. unjustified

　　1) adj. 不公正的; 无正当理由的

　　Unjustified criticism is given when a worker's performance does not meet the boss' unrealistic expectations.不合理的批评来自于员工无法达成上司不实际的期望。(meet one’s expectation满足某人的期望)

　　2) 同义替换：unfounded, baseless, unfair, unwarranted, groundless, inexcusable

　　19. ethics

　　1) n. 伦理学;道德规范

　　Medical ethics also enter into the question.医德也是问题的一部分。

　　2) 搭配：code of ethics道德准则；道德规范（尤指职业的）

　　20. approach

　　1) ① n.方法；接近；路径；道路

　　② v. 接近；建议；接洽；着手处理

　　The children fell silent at the approach of their teacher. 老师一来，孩子们就变得鸦雀无声。(at the approach of …走近的时候)

　　2) 搭配：approach to接近；约等于；通往…的方法

　　21. deliver

　　1) ① vt. 发表；递送；释放；交付；给…接生

　　② vi. 传送；投递；履行；实现

　　③ n. 投球

　　The baby was delivered safely on Tuesday night. 婴儿在星期二晚上安全地生了下来。

　　2) 同义替换：carry, bring, transport, distribute, set free, release

　　3) 搭配：① deliver over交出,移交

　　② deliver a lecture发表演讲

　　③ deliver sb. from danger救某人脱险

　　④deliver sth. to sb.把某物交付给某人

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