基因编辑技术的伦理反思：复杂性、不确定性与理性的局限性

　　摘要： 当下国内生命伦理学研究具有脱离“真实性”的倾向，且缺乏基于“真实性”世界图景之上的思的“彻底性”。因此，需要一种新的伦理学方法论路径，进而更加彻底、更为有效地应对基因编辑这一新技术境况下的伦理挑战。伦理反思必须立足于基因编辑技术带来的复杂性和不确定性之“真实性”，并充分考量人之理性的局限性。在此基础上，聚焦于基因编辑技术的发展与生命健康、公平正义和人的自我形象的多重复杂关联等一些极具颠覆性和紧迫性的核心伦理问题，始终以人之存在境况、基因编辑技术引发的道德哲学变革作为伦理反思的核心关切，保持哲学思辨的底色，确立新的伦理认知和建构图式，进而尝试探讨构建合理规制基因编辑技术发展的伦理规范的新样态。

　　关键词:

　　基因编辑技术; 复杂性; 不确定性; 伦理规范

　　Abstract: At present， the domestic bioethics research tends to break away from “authenticity”， and lacks the “thoroughness” of thinking based on “authenticity” in real life. Therefore， it calls for a new ethical methodology to deal with the ethical challenges of gene editing technology more thoroughly and effectively. Ethical reflection must be based on the “authenticity” of the complexity and uncertainty brought by gene editing technology， and fully considers the limitations of human rationality. On this basis， we should focus on the multiple overlapping and complex relationships between the development of gene editing technology and core ethical issues of great subversion and urgency such as human health， fairness， justice and human self-image. The human existence situation and the change of moral philosophy caused by technology should be the core issues of ethical reflection， so as to maintain the characteristics of philosophical speculation， establish a new ethical cognition and construction schema， and then try to explore the new form of ethical norms to reasonably regulate the development of gene editing technology.

　　Key words:

　　gene editing technology; complexity; uncertainty; ethical norm

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